PRO ST Citrus Drink Powder Sachet 15g

Pre-Workout PRO ST is a concentrated pre-workout powder of the highest quality with a perfectly balanced composition, all essential amino acids, caffeine, yerba mate and nitric oxide precursors.

Scientifically proven by the University of Greenwich and with a scientific article published in Nutrients, it provides all the necessary nutrients to enhance your training and competitions, both in strength and resistance.

ST Line (Scientific Tested).

Anti-doping certificate by Informed Sport.

Pre-Workout PRO ST is a concentrated pre-workout powder of the highest quality with a perfectly balanced and scientifically proven composition (Puente-Fernández, J.

et al., Nutrients.

2020 ) by the University of Greenwich that provides all the necessary nutrients to enhance your training and competitions both in strength and resistance.

Its extraordinary formula consists of:

Essential amino acids:

Necessary and fundamental for the perfect functioning of the muscles that are working.

Pre-training intake of these amino acids has been shown to delay fatigue and improve recovery due to less muscle wasting (Jäger, R.

et al., JISSN.

2017, Hoffman, J.R.

el al., IJSNEM.

2009).

Provided in optimal proportion, similar to that of muscle mass.

Precursors of Nitric Oxide (NO):

The exchange between the amino acids Citrulline and Arginine in the presence of oxygen releases a molecule of NO that, when binding to its specific receptors, produces vasodilation, this allows a greater supply of blood and, therefore, of oxygen and nutrients to the active muscles, which seems to translate into an improvement in performance (Suzuki, T.

et al., JISSN.

2016).

Taurine:

Among others, it has antioxidant, metabolic and ergogenic effects (Galloway, SDR et al., JAP.

2008).

Its intake along with the rest of the ingredients has been shown to improve muscle endurance during exercise (Hoffman, JR el al., JCSR.

2008).

Tyrosine:

This amino acid improves focus and concentration when combined with caffeine (Zaragoza, J.

et al., JISSN.

2019), something very important to perform at your best in your training or competition.

Betaine:

This glycine derivative improves performance because, among other effects, it increases the rate of creatine re-synthesis and raises blood nitric oxide (NO) levels (Trepanowski, JF et al., JSCR.

2011).

It also improves total volume loading to fatigue, as well as improvements in force and power output (Lee, EC et al., JISSN.

2010).

Acetyl-L-Carnitine:

This acetylated form of L-carnitine has the ability to cross the blood-brain barrier, which improves performance at two levels:

It improves the metabolism of the mitochondria because it donates its acetyl group to generate acetyl- CoA (fundamental in the Krebs cycle to obtain energy).

It exerts a cholinergic effect (it also donates its acetyl group to synthesize acetyl-choline), that is, it improves cognitive function and concentration (Onofrj, M.

et al., ERN.

2013).

Caffeine and Yerba Mate:

Le we have added (in pure form and as Yerba Mate) the most effective ingredient for direct performance enhancement, both endurance and strength (Grgic, J.

et al., BJSM.

2019), caffeine.

This, in addition to activating the Central Nervous System (CNS), delays fatigue and optimizes the use of cellular fuels (glycogen and fat).

But the most important thing is that it improves muscle contraction (Lopes, JM et al., JAP.

1983), hence its effectiveness, especially when fatigue begins.

And like all Crown Sport Nutrition products ® with spectacular taste and digestibility.

This ingredient matrix was studied with 2 servings of Pre-Workout PRO ST (30 g) along with an additional 16 g of carbohydrates, so If you want to take a product similar to the one in the scientific study, you can add 2/3 of a dose (approx.

20 g=1.5 scoops) of Lemon Isodrink & Energy and the effectiveness will be maximum according to the scientific study.

Puente-Fernández, J.

et al.

Effects of multi-ingredient preworkout supplementation across a five-day resistance and endurance training microcycle in middle-aged adults.

Nutrients.

Dec.

2020.